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  1. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-3 play important roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and have been suggested as markers of disease activity and joint damage.

    Authors: Maryam A. Abdelrahman, Hossam M. Sakr, Menat A. A. Shaaban and Naglaa Afifi
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104965
  2. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and autoantibodies, affecting different organs. Musculoskeletal manifestations are one of the most common manif...

    Authors: Noha H. Shedid, Eman A. Hafez, Safa A. Akram, Hossam M. Sakr and Elham S. Mohamed
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104951
  3. Angiogenesis plays a role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Both serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and capillaroscopic abnormalities may reflect intensity of microcircula...

    Authors: Sherin M. H. Hamza, Nermeen S. Khalil, Rasha M. Hamoda and Marwa A. El-Asfahani
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104943
  4. Asthma is a prevalent debilitating airway disease, with a tremendous effect worldwide. Fungi and their spores are identified as major culprits in allergic asthma (AA) etiology. Peripheral blood neutrophils and...

    Authors: Eman E. Ahmed, Mohamed K. Sabry, Hazem E. Abd Elbadie and Nermine A. Elnour Melek
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104934
  5. Cardiac dysfunction is a common cause of weaning failure. Previous studies focused on the role of LV diastolic dysfunction in the occurrence of weaning failure, and there are no more studies yet interested in ...

    Authors: Soheir Mostafa Kasem Ahamed, Muhammad Hossam El-Din Hassan Maghrapy, Khaled Mohamed Ali Shehata, Samiaa Hamdy Sadek and Samir El-Hadidy Tawfek
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104908
  6. Type 2 diabetes is an expanding overall medical issue. A large portion of the enthusiasm for the job of supplements in diabetes is fixated on macronutrients, yet a micronutrient, iron, is additionally closely ...

    Authors: Ibrahim N. ElEbrashy, Olfat Shaker, Sarah I. Abdelgalil and Elham M. Yousief
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104874
  7. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the major microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adropin is a peptide hormone that has essential roles in metabolic homeostasis and the pathogene...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Hanan M. Sabry, Samir A. Afifi and Maha A. Fathy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104856
  8. Up to 90% of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases in Egypt were attributable to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The absolute positive and negative markers for HCC are still deficient. Alpha-fetoprotein ...

    Authors: Amr Elrabat, Shahera Eletreby, Ahmed M. Ali Zaid and Mohammed H. Eldeen Zaghloul
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104840
  9. In the era of hepatitis C virus eradication, Egypt had to pay attention to the two million infected with chronic hepatitis B. This study aimed to observe the current characteristics of chronic hepatitis B viru...

    Authors: Maha M. Elsabaawy, Mohammed E. Elsherefy, Haitham E. Sakr, Dalia Elsabaawy, Helmy Elshazly, Hossam Elezaawy, Gasser I. Al Azab and Mahmoud Eltahawy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104822
  10. The aim of this work was to study serum sclerostin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not on dialysis and those on regular hemodialysis and its role in vascular calcification.

    Authors: Ahmed R. Elarbagy, Yassein S. Yassein, Mahmoud M. Emara, Ahmed A. Sonbol, Khaled M. A. Elzorkany and Amera A. Sharaf El Deen
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104813

    The Correction to this article has been published in The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:30

  11. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Interleukin (IL)-12 gene polymorphisms may be associated with immune response variability to recombinant HBV vaccin...

    Authors: Sawsan M. Abdel-Moniem, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Ziyad M. Essam El-Deen and Hanan M. Mostafa
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104804
  12. Parathyroidectomy (PTX) is an effective treatment for refractory hyperparathyroidism in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). However, adynamic bone disease, a possible com...

    Authors: Soheir A. Ellakany, Doaa I. Hashaad and Alyaa F. Merghany
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104795
  13. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still a main health problem in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The prevalence of occult hepatitis C infection (OCI) in HD patients may be underestimated, and its possible influ...

    Authors: Mostafa Abdelsalam, Mona M. Tawfik, Alaa Habib, Ahmed Abdel-Razik, Nahla Anber, Maysaa Zaki and Mohammad S. Marie
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104783
  14. An epidemic of obesity has spread across the globe. Obesity has numerous comorbidities, including airway disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, degenerative neur...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Hanan M. Sabry, Amira A. Fouad, Samir A. Afifi, Maha A. Fathy and Amira M. El-Helaly
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104763
  15. Premature atherosclerosis has been recognized as a major co-morbid condition in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is closely related to cardiovascular (CV) ...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Reem M. Allam, Amany M. Ebaid, Mohammed S. Yousef and Maha A. Fathy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104754
  16. The combination of beta-thalassemia trait (BTT) and iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is an interesting common issue in our country. However, treatment of this condition is challenging.

    Authors: Sawsan M. Moeen, Ahmad F. Thabet and Marwa M. Thabet
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104741
  17. The myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are a group of clonal bone marrow neoplasms characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, manifested by morphologic dysplasia in hematopoietic cells and by peripheral cytopenia...

    Authors: Alaa E. Hassan, Marwa Tahoon and Hanan Bediera
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104733
  18. Visfatin is a molecule of clinical relevance, released mainly from visceral fat (hence it named as such) and could be a promising biomarker with diagnostic and prognostic significance in metabolic syndrome. Ve...

    Authors: Mohammed Abdel-Hassib, Abdelhaleem A. Hassabo, Hossam Elashmawy and Mostafa I. S. Mansour
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104703
  19. Levothyroxine is the recommended treatment to achieve euthyroidism in hypothyroid patients. Achieving euthyroidism was found to improve quality of life in some studies but failed to do so in other studies. Thy...

    Authors: Tamer M. Elsherbiny
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104689
  20. Diabetic neuropathy is one of the commonest chronic complications of diabetes seen in routine healthcare and considered the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy all over the world. Vitamin D (VD) deficie...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Hanan M. Sabry, Ahmed F. Gomaa, Amany M. Ebaid, Hala G. Abomandour and Reem M. Allam
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104669
  21. Obesity and its comorbidity, depression and migraine, are highly prevalent conditions and public health problems of enormous scope that are responsible for the significant quality of life impairment and financ...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Ahmed F. Gomaa, Hanan M. Sabry, Amira A. Fouad and Shereen M. El Shabrawy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104658
  22. Obesity, a new pandemic, is associated with an increased risk of death and morbidity. Obesity-related glomerulopathy is an increasing cause of end-stage renal disease. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocali...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Nora M. Said, George Emad, Ahmed F. Gomaa and Heba M. Kadry
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104642
  23. Worldwide, the incidence of individuals with thyroid dysfunction is increasing and represents approximately 30–40% of the patients seen in an endocrine clinic. The undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction may adversely...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad and Ghada M. Samir
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104635
  24. Obesity is the cornerstone of metabolic syndrome (MetS); it is not possible to use BMI to differentiate between lean mass and fat mass. We aimed to investigate, for the first time, the possible association of ...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad and George Emad
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104620
  25. Epilepsy is a common neurologic disease and has important implications for women’s fertility, as approximately half of the epileptic women have reproductive disorders. Oxidative stress is a key contributor in ...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Waleed M. Reda Ashour, Reem M. Allam, Yasser S. Saraya and George Emad
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104609
  26. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate gene expression...

    Authors: Nearmeen M. Rashad, Tamer M. Ezzat, Reem M. Allam, Mohamad H. Soliman and Mohammed S. Yousef
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104593
  27. Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) are global health concerns, with high rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The current guidelines recommend lifestyle modifications as the best initial treatment...

    Authors: Mohamed A. A. Bassiony, Mohamed S. Mohamed, Marwan N. Elgohary, Abdelrahman M. H. Nawar, Emad M. Abdelrahman and Ahmed A. Elshoura
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104580
  28. Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is suspected clinically and confirmed through endoscopic biopsy. It can be followed-up and assessed by noninvasive biomarkers such as fecal calprotectin. Recently, B-cell-a...

    Authors: Hany A. Hussein and Rasha S. Mohamed
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104563
  29. This study aims to assess esophageal varices (EV) by noninvasive parameters in patients with liver cirrhosis.

    Authors: Ehab A. A. Elatty, Elsayed I. Elshayeb, Mohammed H. Badr, Waleed A. E. Mousa and Mohammed F. El Mansory
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104536
  30. Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with alterations in fat mass and fat distributions, with changed productions of adipokines, including omentin-1. Omentin-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory...

    Authors: Mohammed A. Mohammed and Nesreen M. Omar
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104514
  31. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein that is physiologically expressed in the kidney and bone. Plasma OPN levels were shown to predict liver fibrosis in various chronic liver diseases and could be re...

    Authors: Ayman M. Fouad, Nagwa Ramadan Ahmed Hussein, Iman A. E. Shaheen and Mohammed A. Ismael
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104502
  32. The recommended reliance on 12 weeks posttreatment sustained virological response (SVR12) instead of SVR24 was validated for treatment evaluation.

    Authors: Maha M. Elsabaawy, Khalid Gameel, Heba Eldemerdash, Talaat Zakareia, Mahmoud Eltahawy, Marry Albert, Marwa Fekry, Enas Ouda, Helmy Elshazly and Ashraf Eljaky
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104495
  33. Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a commonly used respiratory support. The use of the NIV is expanding over time and, but its knowledge and skills are very important for the proper use of this life-saving suppo...

    Authors: Barbagelata Elena, Perazzo Tommaso, Ferraioli Gianluca, Santo Mario and Nicolini Antonello
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104435
  34. The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased dramatically worldwide in the last decades, but unfortunately it was not studied in Egypt.

    Authors: Dina Ali Ahmed, Loobna Farag EL Toony, Ahmed A D El Kader, Alaa Mahmoud Esmail, Wael Ahmed Abass and Hanan El Khated
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104423
  35. The range of normal thyroid functions during pregnancy differs between ethnic groups. Establishment of trimester- and assay-specific reference intervals for every population is recommended.

    Authors: Shrook Mousa, Shereen S. El-Sawy, Maged Abdelraouf, Dina Farouk, Laila Rashed and Aasem Saif
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104412
  36. To perform a narrative review on the role of bone marrow (BM) niche in normal hematopoiesis.

    Authors: Sabry A. Shoieb, Mohammad A. Abdel Hafez, Alaa E. Abd El-Hamid and Walaa Hamdy Ezz
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104397
  37. Extracellular vesicles (EV) have emerged as important ‘nanoshuttles’ of information between cells, carrying proteins, genetic information, and bioactive lipids to modify the phenotype and function of recipient...

    Authors: Rasha N. Omran, Emad M. El Shebini, Enas S. Zahran and Sabry A. Shoeib
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2020 31:3104389
  38. Chronic myeloid leukaemia can have different presenting signs. Here, we present a case of nontraumatic spontaneous chest wall haematoma in an 84-year-old man under investigation for myeloproliferative disorder...

    Authors: Mohamed Dwebi and Peter Cumber
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2019 31:3103385
  39. Dyslipidemia is known as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recently, interest has been raised on the risk of new onset of diabetes mellitus with statin treatment. We report on a 41-year-ol...

    Authors: Mohammad Shoaib Hamrah, Mohammad Hassan Hamrah, Mohammad Hussain Hamrah, Toba Dahi and Mohammad Hashem Hamrah
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2019 31:3103382