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The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine
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  1. Copper sulfate is a bright blue crystal used primarily for agricultural purposes, as a pesticide, disinfectant, feed, and soil additive. Acute volunteer poisoning of copper sulfate is not common in the world a...

    Authors: Samaneh Hajimohammadi, Somayeh Gharibi, Vahid Pourbarkhordar, Seyed Reza Mousavi and Hanieh Salmani Izadi
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:84
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  2. Susac syndrome is a rare disease with multisystem manifestations. While the exact pathogenesis is not known, it has been proposed to be an autoimmune endotheliopathy affecting the microvasculature of the brain...

    Authors: Sabeeh Ahmed, Taimoor A. Khan, Talha Liaqat, Umer Ijaz and Haroon Sarfaraz
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:82
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  3. Myelofibrosis (MF) is a haematopoietic stem cell tumour caused by the lack of BCR-ABL translocation due to point mutations in Janus kinases (JAKs). In previous years, dealing with MF included several protocols...

    Authors: Amr Ghit
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:81
    Content type: Review Published on:

  4. Research has shown that health care personnel is at higher risk of acquiring the disease than the general population. In spite of this challenge, there has been a low vaccination record among the Health Workers

    Authors: Oluwatosin Idowu Oni, Olanrewaju Patrick Osho, Mathew Temitope Oluwole, Evelyn Salewa Osho, Aanuoluwapo Ogungbeje and Habeebat Motunrayo Raji
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:80
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin; the hallmark of psoriasis is sustained inflammation that leads to uncontrolled keratinocyte proliferation and dysfunctional differentiation. Psoriasis ...

    Authors: Marouane Jabrane, Abderrahim Wakrim and Mohammed Arrayhani
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:79
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  6. Diabetes and stroke prevalence rates are increasing worldwide, and both are major human health threats causing disability and death. Diabetes is a well-known independent risk factor for stroke. In addition, di...

    Authors: Eman Yousef Morsy, Kamel Hemida Rohoma, Shimaa Ali Mohamed Ali and Salah Hussein Elhalawany
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:78
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Simultaneous increase in transaminases and bilirubin is an indicator of hepatic dysfunction in malaria. Malaria-induced hyperbilirubinemia has been associated with acute kidney injury and pathogenesis of cereb...

    Authors: Rotimi Johnson Ojo, Isaac Gladson Jonathan, Moses Dele Adams, Gideon Gyebi and Ishaya Yohanna Longdet
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. The COVID-19 pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease with variable effect on lung parenchyma, airways, and vasculature leading to long-term effects on lung functions.

    Authors: Shital Patil, Gajanan Gondhali and Abhijit Acharya
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:75
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Hemophilia is an inherited condition that is caused by the deficiency of clotting factors in the blood. The most common presentations of hemophilia are hemarthrosis and muscle hemorrhage. The severity of the b...

    Authors: Osama Ahmed Ibrahiem, Ahmad F. Thabet, Shymaa S. Tony, Kerollos Motwade N. Kerollos and Sawsan M. Moeen
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:74
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Triad of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) comprises of hyperglycemia with serum glucose > 11 mmol/L, high anion gap metabolic acidosis and ketonemia. Hyperlactemia is often noted in patients with DKA. Metformin use...

    Authors: Yudara Kularathne, Shaun Goh and Sohil Pothiawala
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:73
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  12. Zinc is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant micronutrient found in food. Due to its well-established role in immunity, it is currently being used in some clinical trials against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVI...

    Authors: Ahmed M. F. Mansour, Noha El Nakeeb, Norhan Khaled Mohamed Kamal and Ahmed Mohamed ElGhandour
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:72
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Literatures revealed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) as the most common mechanism of hyponatremia in COVID-19. However, it is important to rule out other etiologies of hyponatremia.

    Authors: Ahmad Nasrat Al-juboori, Amira Al Hail and Zaid Ahmad Al-juboori
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:71
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Malnutrition is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study is conducted to find out the prevalence of malnutrition and its association with inflammation in patients with CKD stages 3–5.

    Authors: Rayees Yousuf Sheikh, Hamad Jeelani Samoon, Nucksheeba Aziz Bhat and Imtiyaz Wani
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:70
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Dyslipidemia is a common finding in primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). Serum PCSK9 level is also increased in PNS and is the main cause of dyslipidemia in such patients. There is a paucity of data on the relati...

    Authors: Howayda El Shinnawy, Abubakr Mohamed Fahmy and Mohamed Sary Gharib
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. On a clinical level, preeclampsia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease share common risk factors. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is ultrasound-based imaging, non-invasive, simple, and reproducible...

    Authors: Budi Susetyo Pikir, Agus Subagjo, Deasy Eka Wardhani, Andrianto, Yudi Her Oktaviono and Ricardo Adrian Nugraha
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:67
    Content type: Review Published on:

  18. A hospital-based cross-sectional study on COVID-19 confirmed patients was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from April to June 2021. Presence of thrombosis in these patients was...

    Authors: Sher M. Sethi, Sadaf Hanif and Madiha Iqbal
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:66
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Antimicrobials like fourth-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, or β-lactams are widely used in treatment of febrile neutropenia (FN). The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of cefepime, meropenem,...

    Authors: Najmul Karim, Alamgir Kabir, Manirul Islam, Akhil Ranjan Biswas, Mohammed Wasim, Mahbubul Alam, Nobendu Chowdhury, Mohammed Nadimul Islam, Tamanna Tabassum and Mohammad Jahid Hasan
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:65
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. IBD is a multifactorial disease. Although dysbiosis of commensal bacteria and breakdown of the intestinal barrier are considered as major pathological mechanisms in the development of IBD, other important fact...

    Authors: Amina Fouad, Marwa Tarek, Rehab Ahmed Abdel Hamid, Yosra H. Mahmoud, Ahmed Abdelhaleem Mohamed, Mohamed Saleh and Nehal Samir
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:64
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Fasting Ramadan is one of the fundamental pillars of Islam. Although sick people are excluded from this duty, some of the hemodialysis patients insist to fast to enjoy the spiritual nature of the holy month.

    Authors: Ahmed Abdelmoniem Emara, Ahmed Hamed Ghareeb, Mahmoud Fayez and Reem Mohsen Elsharabasy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:63
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a micro-vascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM) that manifests clinically as retinal ischemia, neovascularization, altered retinal permeability, and macular edema. In the ad...

    Authors: Esraa A. M. Mostafa, Buthayna A. I. AlShaarawy, Samar M. Abd El-Hamid and Asmaa M. Gamal
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:62
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Hemoglobinopathies represent a set of inherited red blood cell (RBCs) disorders, characterized by abnormal hemoglobin molecule. They include qualitative and quantitative hemoglobinopathies, with a structurally...

    Authors: Heba A. Ahmed, Safaa A. A. Khaled, Eman M. Fahmy, Nesreen A. Mohammed and Hamdy F. F. Mahmoud
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:60
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Complement system is becoming increasingly recognized as being intimately tied to obesity and other various metabolic abnormalities linked to it and may be involved in NAFLD. The goal of this study was to see ...

    Authors: Halla M. Ragab, Nabila Abd El Maksoud, Mona A. Amin and Wafaa Abd Elaziz
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:59
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. We reviewed the epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, and clinical presentations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM), then discussed the importance of rapid diagnosis an...

    Authors: Hyma Gogineni, Wonhee So, Kenneth Mata and John N. Greene
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:58
    Content type: Review Published on:

  27. Thyrotoxicosis is a common endocrine disorder. The clinical presentation is variable, and it is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed late in Africa. This study was aimed at collating and analyzing the clinical char...

    Authors: Taoreed Adegoke Azeez, Tajudin Adesegun Adetunji and Mosunmoluwa Adio
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:57
    Content type: Review Published on:

  28. Hepatocellular carcinoma is considered one of the most common cancers occurring in human population all over the world. It became an increasingly threatening malignancy due to both morbidity and mortality. Chr...

    Authors: Maha Assem Hussein, Amal Fathy Mohammed Radwan, May Mohsen Fawzi, Laila Ahmed Rashed and Eman Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim Saad
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:56
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Horner’s syndrome is a rare complication of central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. It comprises a triad of unilateral ptosis, ipsilateral meiosis with a normally reactive pupil, and ipsilateral facial anhidr...

    Authors: Taimoor Ashraf Khan, Sheharyar Zameer, Umar Ijaz, Muhammad Abdullah Zahid and Noor Ul Ain Zameer
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:55
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  30. Micro-elimination of hepatitis C in renal patients is crucial. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of directly acting antivirals in chronic kidney disease patients and the effect of treatment on ...

    Authors: Tari George Michael, Christina A. Anwar, Ossama A. Ahmed, Iman Sarhan, Yehia Elshazly, Mohammed K. Shaker, Mohammed Eltabbakh, Walaa Hashem, Safaa R. Tawfic, Shimaa Y. Kamel, Doaa M. Kandil, Gina G. Naguib, Abdelrahman Khedr, Eman A. Ghanem, Hany Dabbous, Wahid Doss…
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Evaluating the serum levels of IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and IL-6 and genotyping of rs12252 SNP of IFITM3 gene among different categories of COVID-19 patients might aid in understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19 a...

    Authors: Shafia Mulla, Md.Maruf Ahmed Molla, S. M. Ali Ahmed, A. K. M. Akhtaruzzaman, Ahmed Abu Saleh and Shaheda Anwar
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:53
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Vitamin D may play a vital role in preventing the multi-system consequences of COVID-19 infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential association between mean serum levels of vitamin D and COV...

    Authors: Tarek M. Yosef, Shereen A. Saleh, Sara Fekry Ali and Ahmed Elmetwally Ahmed
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:52
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is the least prevalent antibody type; it plays a key role in host immunity against parasitic infections and allergic diseases. Association between IgE deficiency and higher malignancy ra...

    Authors: Manar F. Mohamed, Asmaa M. Abd El Gwad, Dina E. Sallam, Amira H. Afifi, Shaimaa A. Abdalgeleel, Nouran M. Moustafa, Maged T. Abougabal, Sara I. Taha and Lamiaa M. El-Moussely
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:51
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Hemoglobinopathies are inheritable disorders of hemoglobin and are the most common genetic defects in humans. This is a neglected public health problem whose undiagnosis remain a major threat to its prevention...

    Authors: Benard Mutua, George Sowayi and Patrick Okoth
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:50
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was announced a pandemic in March 2020 by the World H...

    Authors: Hala Ramadan and Ahmed Mohammed Shennawy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:49
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious complication with complex pathogenesis in the natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD, with a progressively increasing frequency with a meanwhile ...

    Authors: Ecaterina Luca and Nicolae Bodrug
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:47
    Content type: Review Published on:

  38. The COVID-19 pandemic affected millions of people worldwide, becoming a challenge of every nation. Since the COVID-19 can present wide spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms, patients with symptoms similar to...

    Authors: Hamid Reza Niazkar, Behdad Zibaee, Seyed Behzad Razavi, Kasra Ghanaeian, Vahid Talebzadeh and Negin Haji Vosugh
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:46
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  39. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is commonly associated with respiratory symptoms. However, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are increasingly recognized in COVID-19 patients. The aim is to study the prevalenc...

    Authors: Walaa M. Hashem, Heba Abdelaziz, Dina E. Sallam, Moamen Abdelfadil Ismail and Ahmed Elmetwally Ahmed
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:45
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. In late 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 has been declared as a global emergency by World Health Organization. Hopefully, recent reports of effective and safe vaccines were welcomed, and approved on emergency ba...

    Authors: Hind A. ElSawi and Ahmed Elborollosy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:44
    Content type: Review Published on:

  42. Frailty is a clinical condition characterized by increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. Elderly people are screened for frailty as part of preventative care. However, the risk factors for frailty ...

    Authors: Mie Araki, Yuta Takahashi, Yoshiaki Ohyama, Ayumu Nagamine, Emiri Takahashi, Kunihiko Imai, Kunihiko Hayashi, Tetsuya Nakamura, Masahiko Kurabayashi and Kyoko Obayashi
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:42
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. The devastating adverse effects of interferon (IFN) for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) lead to the emerging of direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs). This investigation was undertaken to assess safet...

    Authors: Radwa Samir Hagag, Morkoss Medhat Fakhry, Ossama Ashraf Ahmed, Shaimaa Abdalaleem Abdalgeleel, Mahasen Aly Radwan and Gina Gamal Naguib
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:40
    Content type: Review Published on:

  45. Stauffer syndrome, first described by Herbert Stauffer in 1961, is a hepatic paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by multiple extrahepatic malignancies, most commonly renal cell carcinoma. The syndrome manife...

    Authors: Sheref A. Elseidy, Ahmed K. Awad, Debvarsha Mandal, Merihan A. Elbadawy and Amir Iqbal
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:39
    Content type: Review Published on:

  46. Isolated involvement of bone marrow in sarcoidosis has not been reported commonly. Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown origin, characterized by the presence of non-caseating granulomatou...

    Authors: Ashok Grover, Saurabh Puri, Smriti Chabra, Meenal Mehta and Pravas Chand Mishra
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:38
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  47. Venous thromboembolism has many risk factors including protein S deficiency, which poses a significant diagnostic challenge as it presents with atypical complaints. A treatable yet potentially fatal condition,...

    Authors: Saurabh Puri, Ashok Kumar Grover, Ankita Kaur Narula, Pankaj Nand Choudhry and Arjun Prem Gupta
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:37
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  48. To evaluate the role of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMP) in diagnosis of vestibular abnormalities among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

    Authors: Israa Y El-seady, Mohamed M Abd El-Tawab, Wessam I El-Shawaf and Amr A El-Sehrawy
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:36
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Platelets are not only involved in hemostasis and coagulation, but play a significant role in innate immunity and inflammatory response. Excess production of cytokines and acute phase reactants affect megakary...

    Authors: Arundhathi Shankaralingappa, Santosh Tummidi and Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:35
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is disseminated by respiratory aerosols. The virus uses the spike protein to target epithelial ce...

    Authors: Josephine Wambani and Patrick Okoth
    Citation: The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine 2022 34:34
    Content type: Review Published on:
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