Skip to main content

Advances in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

References

  1. Turner R, Cull C, Holman R. United Kingdom prospective diabetes study 17:a 9-year update of a randomized, controlled trial on the effect of improved metabolic control on complications in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124 (1 II):136–145.

  2. Kannel WB, McGee DL. Diabetes and glucose tolerance as risk factors for cardiovascular disease:The Framingham Study. Diabetes Care 1979; 2:120–126.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. UK prospective diabetes study 6. Complications in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and their association with different clinical and biochemical risk factors. Diabetes Res 1990; 13:1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Wright A, Burden ACF, Paisey RB, Cull CA, Holman RR. Sulfonylurea inadequacy:efficacy of addition of insulin over 6 years in patients with type 2 diabetes in the U.. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 57). Diabetes Care 2002; 25:330–336.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Bagg W, Plank LD, Gamble G, Drury PL, Sharpe N, Braatvedt GD. The effects of intensive glycaemic control on body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2001; 3:410–416.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Mäkimattila S, Nikkilä K, Yki Järvinen H. Causes of weight gain during insulin therapy with and without metformin in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1999; 42:406–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Groop LC. Sulfonylureas in NIDDM. Diabetes Care 1992; 15:737–754.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Tessier D, Dawson K, Tetrault JP, Bravo G, Meneilly GS. Glibenclamide vs gliclazide in type 2 diabetes of the elderly. Diabetic Med 1994; 11:974–980.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bailey CJ, Turner RC. Metformin. N Engl J Med 1996; 334:574–579.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Defronzo RA, Goodman AM. Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:541–549.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Salpeter S, Greyber E, Pasternak G, Salpeter E. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; CD002967.

  12. Yki Järvinen H. Thiazolidinediones. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1106–1118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Goldberg RB, Kendall DM, Deeg MA, Buse JB, Zagar AJ, Pinaire JA, et al. A comparison of lipid and glycemic effects of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. Diabetes Care 2005; 28:1547–1554.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Van de Laar FA, Lucassen PL, Akkermans RP, Van de Lisdonk EH, Rutten GE, Van Weel C. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; CD003639.

  15. Chiasson JL, Josse RG, Gomis R, Hanefeld M, Karasik A, Laakso M. Acar-bose treatment and the risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in patients with impaired glucose tolerance:The STOP-NIDDM trial. JAMA 2003; 290:486–494.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Drucker DJ, Sherman SI, Gorelick FS, Bergenstal RM, Sherwin RS, Buse JB. Incretin-based therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes:evaluation of the risks and benefits. Diabetes Care 2010; 33:428–433.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Schmitz O, Brock B, Rungby J. Amylin agonists:a novel approach in the treatment of diabetes. Diabetes 2004; 53 (Suppl 3):S233–S238.

  18. Hollander PA, Levy P, Fineman MS, Maggs DG, Shen LZ, Strobel SA, et al. Pramlintide as an adjunct to insulin therapy improves long-term glycemic and weight control in patients with type 2 diabetes:a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 2003; 26:784–790.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Gerich J, Raskin P, Jean Louis L, Purkayastha D, Baron MA. PRESERVE-β:two-year efficacy and safety of initial combination therapy with nateglinide or glyburide plus metformin. Diabetes Care 2005; 28:2093–2099.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Rosenstock J, Hassman DR, Madder RD, Brazinsky SA, Farrell J, Khutor-yansky N, et al. Repaglinide versus nateglinide monotherapy:a randomized, multicenter study. Diabetes Care 2004; 27:1265–1270.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Kristen JS, Frandsen KB, Bayer T, Muller PG. Compared with repaglinide sulfonylurea treatment in type 2 diabetes is associated with a 2.5-fold increase in symptomatic hypoglycemia with blood glucose levels < 45 mg/dl. Diabetes 2000; 49 (Suppl 1):A131.

  22. Khan MA, St. Peter JV, Xue JL. A prospective, randomized comparison of the metabolic effects of pioglitazone or rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes who were previously treated with troglitazone. Diabetes Care 2002; 25:708–711.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nariman Moustafa.

Rights and permissions

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Moustafa, N. Advances in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Egypt J Intern Med 24, 1–3 (2012). https://doi.org/10.7123/01.EJIM.0000418015.54092.98

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.7123/01.EJIM.0000418015.54092.98

Keywords