Table 1 The characteristics of the included studies
Author (Publication Year) | Study design | N | Age | Male to female ratio % | Mild / moderate/severe % | Follow-up period (month) | Population | Assessment method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abdelhafiz (2022) [23] | CS | 396 | 41.4 | 33.3/66.7 | 81.3/18.7 | > 1 | general population | on-line |
Kamal (2020) [22] | CS | 287 | 32.3 ± 8.5 | 35.9/64.1 | 80.2/14.9/4.9 | > 1 | general population | on line |
Khalaf (2022) [21] | CS | 538 | 5–87 | 54.1/45.1 | 61.3/31/7.6 | > 1 | general population | phone / visit |
Gamal (2022) [20] | prospective cohort | 170 | 55.46 ± 16.07 | 37.7/62.3 | 55.9/27.6/16.5 | 1.5 | general population | _ |
Aly (2021) [19] | CS | 115 | 73.18 ± 6.42 | 100 females | _ | 1 | elderly female | online |
Ezzelregal (2021) [18] | CS | 102 | 20– > 55 | 39.2/60.8 | _ | > 1 | general population | in-person |
Elmazny (2023) [31] | CS | 1638 | 38.28 ± 13 | 34.7/65.3 | 83.4/11.8/4.8 | 2 | general population | in-person |
Galal (2021) [30] | CS | 430 | 37.4 ± 12.6 | 36.3/63.7 | _ | _ | general population | patient are recruited to fill in questionnaire |
Magdy (2022) [29] | Case-control | 204 | 36 (30–42.75) | 26 /74 | 80.9/13.7/5.4 | 3 | general population | in-person |
Shendy (2021) [28] | CS | 81 | 21–40 | 26/68 | _ | 3 to 5 | general population | in-person |
Ibrahim (2022) [27] | CS | 140 | 3_18 | 61.4/38.6 | 62.9/21.4/15.7 | > 1 | Children | in-person |
Mady (2021) [26] | retrospective observational | 164 | 17–82 | 54.9/45.1 | 50/37/13 | 3 | general population | medical records |
Tohamy (2021) [25] | retrospective comparative | 100 | 55.5 ± 6.2 | 57/43 | 30/25/45 | > 1 | general population | in-person |
Ahmed (2021) [16] | CS | 182 | 46.49 ± 17.4 | 46.2/53.8 | _ | 6 | general population | in-person |
Ali (2022) [24] | CS | 80 | 43.2(25–75) | 50/50 | 38/42 | 1.5–3 | general population | in-person |
Yasin (2021) [17] | Cohort | 210 | 53.85(18–94) | 29/71 | _ | > 1 | general population | in-person |