Skip to main content
The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine
Fig. 3 | The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine

Fig. 3

From: Effects of metformin on fibroblast growth factor 21 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: faraway but so close

Fig. 3

Metformin’s pharmacodynamics pathway. Cells have been stylized to show how metformin works. Metformin appears to elevate insulin sensitivity and AMPK levels, which improves glucose transport [30, 31]. AMP, adenosine monophosphate; AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; mGPD, mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase; OCT1, organic cation transporter 1; NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADH, H for hydrogen; FADH, flavin adenine dinucleotide

Back to article page