Table 5 Clinical features of thyrotoxicosis among African patients
From: Thyrotoxicosis in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical presentation
i | ||||||
Study | Weight loss (%) | Heat intolerance (%) | Excessive sweating (%) | Palpitations (%) | Tiredness (%) | Increased appetite (%) |
Olurin [36] | 74.0 | – | 70.0 | – | 41.0 | – |
Abdulkadir et al [37] | 84.6 | 82.6 | 82.6 | 82.6 | – | – |
Sigilai [41] | 60.0 | 56.0 | – | 52.0 | 24.0 | 31.0 |
Mohammed [42] | 23.0 | 70.0 | – | 35.0 | 10.0 | 25.0 |
Osime & Okobia [43] | 90.0 | 84.0 | – | 86.0 | – | 100 |
Chuhwak & Obekpa [44] | 50.0 | – | – | 49.0 | – | – |
Ogbera et al [46] | 63.4 | 68.0 | 57.0 | 58.7 | 63.4 | 53.0 |
Sidibe et al [48] | 31.5 | – | – | 34.4 | – | – |
Ali & Naa’aya [49] | 39.7 | 28.8 | – | 35.8 | – | 14.1 |
Ali et al [51] | 79 | 78.7 | – | 94.0 | – | 78.0 |
Kebede et al [52] | – | 81.9 | – | 96.0 | – | – |
Onyenekwe [53] | 86.0 | 82.0 | 67.4 | 81.4 | 54.7 | 61.2 |
Jaja & Yarhere [54] | 100 | – | – | 20.0 | – | 14.1 |
Ajibare [55] | 85.0 | 85.0 | 100 | 95.5 | – | – |
Dionadji [56] | 80.8 | – | 31.2 | – | – | – |
Balde et al [58] | 73.0 | –– | – | – | – | – |
Diagne et al [59] | 39.8 | – | – | 46.3 | – | – |
Edo et al [60] | 60.0 | 37.1 | – | 60.0 | – | – |
Ogun & Adeleye [61] | 63.8 | – | 52.0 | 59.4 | 32.0 | 35.0 |
Sarr et al [62] | 79.9 | 53.3 | – | 83.1 | 53.6 | 50.1 |
Boiro et al | 69.8 | – | – | – | – | – |
Debebe et al [64] | 4.0 | 31.4 | 9.8 | 47.1 | – | – |
Anakwue [65] | 48.0 | 46.0 | 38.0 | 60.0 | – | 32.0 |
Ayandipo [66] | 74.0 | 84.0 | – | – | – | – |
Azagoh-Kouadio et al [67] | 81.5 | 30.0 | 26.0 | 81.5 | – | – |
Darouassi et al [68] | 39.5 | 15.1 | 20.6 | – | 68.3 | – |
Diedhiou et al [69] | 51.4 | – | – | – | – | – |
El-Shareif [70] | 54.5 | 35.2 | 36.6 | 53.1 | 18.6 | – |
Sarfo-Kantanka et al [71] | 80.0 | 76.0 | 76.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | – |
Gebreyohannes et al [72] | 27.0 | 70.1 | 52.2 | 83.4 | 37.9 | 14.7 |
Ojo et al [76] | 100 | 73.7 | 100 | 86.8 | – | – |
Okafor et al [20] | 80.0 | 86.0 | 72.0 | 74.0 | 80.0 | 68.0 |
Toyib et al [77] | 100 | 100 | – | 100 | – | – |
Adeleye et al [79] | 100 | 100 | – | 100 | – | – |
Demba et al [81] | 61.9 | – | – | 66.7 | 37.1 | – |
Ersumo et al [82] | 24.8 | – | 2.0 | 7.5 | 36.5 | 8.0 |
Mariko et al [83] | 87.1 | – | – | 81.4 | – | – |
Mohammed [84] | – | 25.8 | 10.7 | 54.7 | – | – |
Abera et al [85] | 35.0 | 59.0 | 44.5 | 84.5 | 69.0 | 33.0 |
Docrat et al [86] | 58.0 | 92.0 | 45.0 | 88.0 | 80.0 | – |
Kiffle et al [87] | – | – | – | 83.9 | – | – |
Maldey et al [88] | – | 66.3 | – | 62.7 | – | 32.4 |
Mendes [89] | 54.5 | – | – | 18.2 | – | – |
Ruto [90] | 75.8 | – | – | 75.8 | – | – |
Sylla et al [91] | 68.3 | 15.1 | 20.7 | – | – | – |
Balde et al [92] | 89.0 | 81.0 | – | 98 | – | – |
ii | ||||||
Studies | Hyperdefecation (%) | Insomnia (%) | Nervousness (%) | Irritability (%) | Oligomenorrhea (%) | Â |
Olurin [36] | 47.0 | 19.0 | 63.0 | 63.0 | 7.0 | Â |
Abdulkadir et al [37] | – | 69.9 | 73.9 | – | 25.0 |  |
Sigilai [41] | 22.0 | – | – | 30.0 | – |  |
Mohammed [42] | 13.0 | – | – | 35.0 | 15.0 |  |
Osime & Okobia [43] | 24.0 | 97.4 | – | – | – |  |
Chuhwak & Obekpa [44] | – | – | 44.0 | – | – |  |
Ogbera et al [46] | – | – | 41.0 | – | 22.0 |  |
Ali & Naa’aya [49] | – | 14.1 | – | – | – |  |
Ali et al [51] | – | – | – | – | 41.0 |  |
Onyenekwe [53] | 74.4 | 47.7 | 51.7 | – | 24 |  |
Jaja & Yarhere [54] | 60.0 | 60.0 | – | – | – |  |
Ajibare [55] | 61.7 | – | – | – | – |  |
Balde et al [58] | 32.7 | 46.9 | 57.1 | 42.9 | – |  |
Ogun & Adeleye [61] | 16.0 | 20.0 | 18.0 | – | 6.0 |  |
Sarr et al [62] | 23.8 | 56.7 | 4.4 | 4.4 | – |  |
Debebe et al [64] | – | 15.7 | – | 27.4 | – |  |
Ayandipo [66] | – | 54.0 |  | – | 41.0 |  |
Azagoh-Kouadio et al [67] | 26.0 | 44.0 | 44.0 | – | 52.0 |  |
Darouassi et al [68] | – | – | – | 38.9 | – |  |
El-Shareif [70] | 9.7 | – | 21.4 |  |  |  |
Sarfo-Kantanka et al [71] | 40.0 | 70.0 | 62.0 | – | 38.0 |  |
Gebreyohannes et al [72] | 0.95 | – | 0.95 | 13.7 | 3.5 |  |
Ojo et al [76] | 78.9 | – | – | – | – |  |
Okafor et al [20] | – | – | 52.0 | – | 25.0 |  |
Toyib et al [77] | 45.0 | 75.8 | – | – | – |  |
Adeleye et al [79] | 100.0 | – | – | – | – |  |
Demba et al [81] | – | 47.6 | – | – | – |  |
Ersumo et al [82] | – | – | – | 7.1 | – |  |
Mohammed [84] | 2.5 | 3.1 | – | 11.3 | – |  |
Abera et al [85] | – | – | 55.0 | – | – |  |
Maldey et al [88] | – | 61.0 | 27.0 | – | – |  |
Mendes [89] | – | – | – | 25.5 | – |  |
Sylla et al [91] | – | – | – | 38.9 | – |  |
Balde et al [92] | 58.0 | 68.0 | 91.0 | – | – |  |
iii | ||||||
Study | Dyspnea | Psychotic symptoms | Skin darkening | Weight gain | Infertility | Hair loss |
Olurin [36] | 19.0 | – | – | – | – | – |
Sigilai [41] | 25.0 | 18.0 | – | – | – | – |
Mohammed [42] | – | – | – | – | 10.0 | – |
Ogbera et al [45] | – | 1.9 | – | – | – | – |
Ogbera et al [46] | – | – | 41.0 | – | – | 31.0 |
Onyenekwe [53] | – | 1.2 | 11.6 | 1.2 | 5.8 | 10.5 |
Ogun & Adeleye [61] | – | – | – | 5.0 | – | – |
Sarr et al [62] | – | – | 9.1 | – | – | 7.5 |
Boiro et al | – | 22.1 | – | – | – | – |
Azagoh-Kouadio et al [67] | 63.0 | – | – | – | – | – |
Diedhiou et al [69] | – | – | – | 3.5 | – | – |
El-Shareif [70] | – | – | 2.1 | 2.1 | – | 1.4 |
Sarfo-Kantanka et al [71] | 78.0 | – | 8.0 | – | – | – |
Gebreyohannes et al [72] | 10.4 | – | – | – | – | – |
Okafor et al [20] | – | – | 35.0 | – | 74.0 | 27.0 |
Ersumo et al [82] | 1.0 | 3.7 | – | – | – | – |
Abera et al [85] | 5.0 | – | – | – | – | – |
Kiffle et al [87] | 86.3 | – | – | – | – | – |
Balde et al [92] | 98 | – | – | – | – | – |