Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study subjects

Gender (male to female )

67:73

69:71

64:76

0.78

0.49

0.68

Age (years)

55.2 ± 5.4

57.4 ± 3.1

54.2 ± 5.2

0.03

0.16

0.22

BMI (Kg/m²)

24.2 ± 3.2

24.0 ± 3.1

24 ± 2.9

0.64

0.63

1.00

Diabetes duration (years)

-

12 ± 3.8

13.4 ± 4.0

-

-

0.009*

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)

90.2 ± 8.9

162.6 ± 9.8

154.3 ± 4.3

0.001

0.001

0.001*

Postprandial glucose (mg/dL)

119.5 ± 11.2

165.6 ± 13

172.2 ± 15.4

0.001

0.001

0.001*

HbA1c (%)

5.6 ± 1.5

7.7 ± 1.6

7.9 ± 2.1

0.43

0.84

0.47

Protein to creatinine ratio (mg/g)

33.2 ± 1.3

52.1 ± 1.5

64.8 ± 4.3

0.001

0.001

0.001*

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

0.9 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.31

2.9 ± 2.6

0.57

0.001

0.001*

HDL (mg/dl)

48 ± 14.9

46.1 ± 15.4

45.1 ± 15.2

0.35

0.15

0.63

LDL (mg/dl)

93.8 ± 32

95.3 ± 29.9

97.5 ± 28.5

0.72

0.37

0.58

eGFR (ml/min)

131.9 ± 15.1

108.1 ± 11.5

54.9 ± 12.5

0.001

0.001

0.001*

SBP (mmHg)

112 ± 6.5

134.0 ± 6.9

144.5 ± 4.5

0.001

0.001

0.001*

DBP (mmHg)

74.3 ± 5.2

91.2 ± 5.3

106.7 ± 3.5

0.001

0.001

0.001*

 Yes

56

64

59

 No

84

76

81

0.21

0.63

0.44