Table 3 Comparison between baseline and laboratory characteristics of the study group classified according to presence or absence of diastolic dysfunction
Parameter | Diastolic dysfunction (Y) N = (61) | Normal diastolic function (N) N = (39) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 50 ± 6 | 51 ± 3 | 0.3 |
Sex (male) | 33 (54%) | 20 (51%) | 0.7 |
Smoking | |||
 Smokers | 24 (39%) | 18 (42%) | 0.4 |
 Non-smokers | 35 (58%) | 21 (54%) | |
 Ex-smokers | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
Duration of DM (months) | 5.3 ± 3 | 4.5 ± 3 | 0.2 |
Treatment | |||
 Insulin | 17 (28%) | 17 (44%) | 0.2 |
 OHD | 42 (69%) | 22 (56%) | |
 Insulin and OHD | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
Oral treatment | |||
 Sulfonylureas | 14 (23%) | 4(25%) | 0.2 |
 Biguanides | 28 (46%) | 18(46%) | |
 Oral + insulin | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
Weight (kg) | 91 ± 14 | 87 ± 8 | 0.1 |
Height (cm) | 176 ± 9 | 173 ± 8 | 0.1 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30 ± 4 | 29 ± 3 | 0.5 |
BMI class | |||
 Normal | 5 (8%) | 1 (3%) | 0.2 |
 Overweight | 33 (54%) | 24 (61%) | |
 Obese class I | 17 (28%) | 14(36%) | |
 Obese class II | 5 (8%) | 0 (0%) | |
 Obese class III | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) |  |
Pulse (bpm) | 83 ± 9 | 81 ± 10 | 0.4 |
WC (cm) | 103 ± 17 | 106 ± 13 | 0.4 |
WHR | 0.9 ± 0.06 | 0.8 ± 0.08 | 0.000 |
WHR | |||
 < 0.8 | 10 (16%) | 24 (62%) | 0.000 |
 > 0.8 | 51 (84%) | 15 (38%) | |
HbA1c | 9.5 ± 2 | 8.5 ± 2 | 0.007 |
Urea (mmol/L) | 5.7 ± 2 | 4.9 ± 1 | 0.3 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 73 ± 23 | 75 ± 32 | 0.6 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 116 ± 23 | 117 ± 23 | 0.9 |
S. albumin (g/dL) | 3.7 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 0.9 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 204 ± 33 | 180 ± 39 | 0.002 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 215 ± 57 | 176 ± 46 | 0.000 |
LDL (mg/dL) | 132 ± 28 | 118 ± 23 | 0.008 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 40 ± 11 | 43 ± 8 | 0.08 |
High total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 37 (60%) | 17 (44%) | 0.1 |
High triglycerides (mg/dL) | 57 (93%) | 26 (66%) | 0.001 |
High LDL (mg/dL) | 33 (54%) | 14 (36%) | 0.07 |
Statin therapy | 42 (69%) | 19 (49%) | 0.09 |
Retinopathy | 8 (13%) | 1 (2%) | 0.07 |
Neuropathy | 10 (16%) | 3 (7%) | 0.2 |