Categorical variables | Robust | Pre-frail | Frail | p-values |
---|---|---|---|---|
CAVI ≥ 9 | 69 (30.5) | 31 (31.3) | 22 (46.8) | 0.090a, †|
SBP | ||||
 < 100 mmHg | 9 (4.0) | 11 (11.1) | 7 (14.9) | 0.005a, †, * |
 ≥ 100, < 130 mmHg | 177 (78.3) | 81 (81.8) | 34 (72.3) |  |
 ≥ 130 mmHg | 40 (17.7) | 7 (7.1) | 6 (12.8) |  |
ALB ≤ 3.8 g/dL | 32 (14.2) | 21 (21.2) | 14 (29.8) | 0.025a, †, * |
T-Bil ≤ 0.6 mg/dL | 16 (7.1) | 11 (11.1) | 12 (25.5) | 0.001a, †, * |
Serum iron | ||||
 ≤ 85 μg/dL | 50 (22.1) | 27 (27.3) | 24 (51.1) | < 0.001a, †, * |
 > 85, ≤ 125 μg/dL | 125 (55.3) | 52 (52.5) | 22 (46.8) |  |
 > 125 μg/dL | 51 (22.6) | 20 (20.2) | 1 (2.1) |  |
Number of medications | ||||
 0–2 medications | 132 (58.4) | 55 (55.6) | 16 (34.0) | 0.001a, †, * |
 3–6 medications | 75 (33.2) | 31 (31.3) | 17 (36.2) |  |
 ≥ 7 medications | 19 (8.4) | 13 (13.1) | 14 (29.8) |  |
Exercise strength | ||||
 ≤ 2 METs/week | 53 (23.5) | 38 (38.4) | 22 (46.8) | 0.004a, †, * |
 > 2, ≤ 4 METs/week | 50 (22.1) | 16 (16.2) | 10 (21.3) |  |
 > 4 METs/week | 123 (54.4) | 45 (45.5) | 15 (31.9) |  |