Frequency and risk factors for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine

Table 2 Comparison between normal FAF group and abnormal FAF group

		Normal FAF	Abnormal FAF	Test value	P value	Sig.
		No. = 75	No. = 5	Test value	P value	Sig.
Age	Mean	31.15 ±7.22	32.60 ± 10.85	0.423	0.674	NS
Sex	F/M	68/7 (90/9%)	4/1 (80/20%)	0.593	0.441	NS
Duration of HCQ therapy (years)	Median (IQR) Range	5 (2–6) 0.3–15	10 (8–10) 8 – 15	− 3.017^c	0.003	HS
Daily dose (mg)/kg	Mean± sd Range	4.86 ± 1.01 2.2–7.1	5.28± 0.88 4.4–6.6	− 0.896^a	0.373	NS
Cumulative dose (g)	Mean± sd Range	661.96 ± 461.26 36.5–2190	1489.20 ± 418.08 1168–2190	− 3.901	0.000	HS
Fundus	Normal	75 (100%)	2 (40.0%)	46.753^a	0.000	HS
Fundus	RPE	0 (0%)	3 (60.0%)	46.753^a	0.000	HS
BCVA RT	Mean ± SD	0.88 ± 0.27	0.40 ± 0.37	3.702^b	0.000	HS
BCVA RT	Range	0.1–1	0.1–1	3.702^b	0.000	HS
BCVA LT	Mean ± SD	0.93 ± 0.19	0.31 ± 0.17	6.873^b	0.000	HS
BCVA LT	Range	0.16–1	0.16–0.5	6.873^b	0.000	HS

P value > 0.05: non-significant (NS); P value < 0.05: significant (S); P value < 0.01: highly significant (HS)
SLEDAI Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index, HCQ hydroxychloroquine, BCVA best-corrected visual acuity, FAF fundus autofluorescence, RPE retinal pigmented epithelium
^aChi-square test
^bIndependent t test
^cMann-Whitney test